Endocrine Abstracts

Histiocytosis X is a rare disorder in which proliferating Langerhans cells can infiltrate virtually any site in the body. Bone is the most commonly affected site but endocrine involvement is frequently seen. Diabetes insipidus is the most common abnormality when there is involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.We report the case of a 42 year old lady who presented with diabetes insipidus in 1997. MR scan of the pituitary showed absence of the post...

A 72-year-old man presented with a two-year history of hot sweats, impotence and mood swings. He had a past medical history of polymyalgia rheumatica, osteoporosis and mild hypercalcaemia.On examination he was sweating excessively, had testicular atrophy and mild hypertension. Blood tests revealed a raised LH, FSH and a low testosterone consistent with primary hypogonadism. Hypercalcaemic screen was negative. He was started on androgen replacement therapy as well as anti-h...

Objective: To compare the clinical features, mortality and morbidity outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus and patients without diabetes mellitus, who are hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods: This cross sectional study included 175 patients (49 patients with diabetes and 126 without diabetes) admitted with CAP to a tertiary care hospital. The study included both quantitative and qualitative variables, which were compared us...

Introduction: Primary aldosteronism (PA) accounts for 5-10% of patients with hypertension. Approximately 40-50% of cases are bilateral, usually managed using mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs). Recent literature suggests a higher risk of renovascular disease and cardiovascular events in PA patients treated medically, compared to those with essential hypertension. This excess risk is mitigated in individuals with unilateral disease managed surgically...

Two estrogen receptor isoforms are known to exist, ERα and ERβ. The expression of ER isoforms in breast cancer cell lines was studied to see whether both ERs, as well as any other variants, are expressed at the mRNA and protein level. Three breast cell lines: two which are known to be ER+ve (MCF7 and T47D) and one reported as ER-ve (MDA-MB231) were used in this experiment. For gene expression studies RT-PCR methodology was applied; primers were used that detect ER&#9...

Objectives: This study was undertaken to ascertain the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction(TD) in patients with Acute Kidney Injury(AKI) and assess the prognostic implications of TD in AKI patients.Materials and methods: Consecutive adult patients (>18 years) admitted with AKI to the departments of Nephrology & Medicine were recruited if they met AKIN classification criteria for AKI after 48 h of admission (1). Patients were screened for thyroid dy...

Summary: A case of intermittent hypercalcemia with a suppressed parathyroid hormone (PTH) for nearly 3 years. It was found that high calcium specifically occurred in summer and each one lasted for about a month. Once calcium normalised the renal function also improved. Exact aetiology has not been found even after extensive investigations.Case presentation: A 67-year-old gentleman first presented to the endocrine clinic in early 2014 with Hypercalcemia. ...

Objective: To assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of sonographic index point and resistivity index in predicting the risk for malignancy in thyroid nodules.Methods: Fifty consecutive patients undergoing thyroid ultrasound for clinical nodular thyroid diseases prior to planned surgery were recruited for the study. Sonographic index point was calculated for each nodule using morphological...

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common complication of established renal failure (ERF) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aims of this study were to determine patient and operative characteristics, which might predict persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism after surgery. To assess the influence of pre-operative imaging on the ability to locate and remove parathyroid glands during both the initial and repeat surgery and to assess...

Introduction: Short synacthen tests (SST) are widely performed as a screening test in patients with suspected hypoadrenalism. However, the timing of sampling and interpretation of cortisol levels remain a matter of controversy. Though known to be inferior to 30 min cortisol levels, some centres continue to analyse 60 min values (along with 30 min levels) to avoid resource-intensive tests like insulin stress tests and glucagon stimulation tests.Objective:...